骨髓脂肪组织与疾病相关性及机制的研究进展

骨强度不仅与骨密度(BMD)、骨微结构相关,还受骨髓微环境的影响。骨髓脂肪组织(MAT)与骨小梁、造血细胞、神经血管组织共同存在于骨髓腔中,对骨重建、骨髓造血、维持骨髓微环境的稳定起重要作用。近年研究表明,MAT可通过分泌脂联素等细胞因子参与介导代谢性疾病、血液系统肿瘤、癌症等疾病的发生发展,为疾病预防、治疗及监测提供了新的思路。本文拟对MAT生物学特性、影像学测量方法、MAT与疾病相关性及可能的作用机制予以综述。     

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: It’s Not Your Normal Hoofbeats

The purpose of this article is to acquaint the reader with the presentation, diagnosis, and management of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), a group of genetic connective tissue disorders. Progressive weakness of connective tissue is the underlying cause of all types of EDS. The symptoms of EDS are numerous, with variability in presentation. However, decreased quality of life caused by chronic pain and fatigue is a commonality of all types of EDS. This article will assist the nurse practitioner in recognizing EDS and offer guidance for treatment.     

Ocular complications of severe corneal abrasions after cosmetic blepharopigmentation

A 53-year-old woman with hemiparesis and poor dexterity, underwent cosmetic blepharopigmentation on the both upper eyelids in the dermatology clinic of a private hospital. She was not asked for any information on her medical history and no informed consent was obtained and the procedure was performed without any protective ocular shields. The patient experienced severe lacrimation, discomfort, and increased sensitivity to light during and after the procedure. She also noticed blurred vision after the procedure. Ophthalmologic examination revealed tender and oedematous eyelids and corneal abrasions in both of her eyes. Topical antibiotics and preservative-free lubricants were able to recover her from her signs and symptoms at 1-week follow-up. It is recommended that cosmetic blepharopigmentation should be applied cautiously with patient’s informed consent after obtaining a thorough medical history and with protective ocular shields to avoid potential complications.     

Emerging Viral Infections Causing Anterior Uveitis

Purpose: To review the systemic and ocular manifestations of specific emergent viral infectious diseases relevant to the ophthalmologist with particular emphasis on anterior uveitis

Methods: Review of literature.

Results: Arboviral diseases are among the most important emergent and resurgent human infections, occurring mostly in tropical and subtropical zones, but appearing in virtually all regions of the world as a result of climate change, travel, and globalization. Arboviral infections are transmitted to humans by the bite of hematophagous arthropods, mainly mosquitoes. Systemic disease may range from asymptomatic to life-threatening. A wide variety of ocular manifestations, including uveitis, has been reported in association with these emerging viral diseases. Numerous viruses other than arboviruses also have been recently recognized as a potential cause of uveitis.

Conclusions: Proper clinical diagnosis of any emerging infectious disease is based on epidemiological data, history, systemic symptoms and signs, and the pattern of ocular involvement. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by detection of virus-specific DNA or antivirus antibodies in serum.